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Kiffin Rockwell
Kiffin Yates Rockwell (1892–1916) was an early aviator and the first American pilot to shoot down an enemy aircraft in World War I. On May 18, 1916, Rockwell attacked and shot down a German plane over the Alsace battlefield. For this action he was awarded the Médaille militaire and the Croix de guerre.〔Parramore, Thomas C. ''(First to Fly: North Carolina and the Beginnings of Aviation )''. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2002.〕
==Background==
Rockwell was born in Newport, Tennessee on September 20, 1892, the son of Baptist minister James Chester Rockwell and his wife Loula Ayres. After James Rockwell's death from typhoid fever at the age of twenty-six, the family moved several times, eventually settling in Asheville, North Carolina.〔(About Kiffin Rockwell ). ''Virginia Military Institute Archives Online Historical Research Center''. Retrieved: 2009-10-14.〕 Kiffin's paternal and maternal grandfathers fought in the American Civil War, and he grew listening to stories about battles and marches. They also taught the young boy fishing, hunting and horse riding.〔Rockwell, Kiffin Yates, and Paul Ayres Rockwell. ''(War Letters of Kiffin Yates Rockwell, Foreign Legionnaire and Aviator, France, 1914-1916 )''. Garden City, N.Y.: The Country Life Press, 1925.〕
From 1906 to 1908, Rockwell attended the Asheville High School, and in the fall of 1908 enrolled in Virginia Military Institute.〔 In the fall of 1909, Rockwell left for the United States Naval Academy, but after taking preliminary courses decided to join his brother Paul at Washington and Lee University, in Lexington, Virginia, where currently there is a plaque in Lee Chapel in Kiffin Rockwell's memory.
In 1912, Rockwell took a break from his studies deciding to see the world. He traveled first to the Pacific Coast and Western Canada, and then stayed in San Francisco, where he opened an advertising agency, which at one time, according to his brother Paul, employed twenty people (Kiffin was nineteen at that time). In 1913, Rockwell returned to Asheville before joining Paul Rockwell in Atlanta, finding employment with Massengale Advertising Agency.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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